English to Spanish Science Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-) biochemistry

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Similar to other types of biofilm matrices, eDNA also has multifaceted roles in biofilm formation, such as contribution to cation gradients, genomic DNA release and antibiotic resistance [53]. eDNA also acts as a nutrient source for bacteria during starvation [54]. Interestingly, it was recently shown that P. aeruginosa produces an extracellular deoxyribonuclease (PA3909) that is required for utilization of eDNA as a nutrient source, further amplifying the role of eDNA during P. aeruginosa biofilm formation [55]. In addition, eDNA was shown to form bundles with F-actin liberated from necrotic neutrophils and the presence of those bundles could stimulate the initial development of P. aeruginosa biofilms [56]. eDNA can also activate neutrophils through a CpG- and TLR9-independent mechanism and serve as a major proinflammatory component of P. aeruginosa biofilms [57]. eDNA was further found to facilitate the twitching motility-mediated biofilm expansion by maintaining coherent cell alignments to coordinate the movement of cells in the leading edge vanguard rafts [58].