Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Russian term or phrase:
стремление к минимуму энергии
English translation:
principle of minimum potential energy
Added to glossary by
Sofia Gutkin
Oct 5, 2023 05:50
7 mos ago
21 viewers *
Russian term
стремление к минимуму энергии
Russian to English
Science
Physics
Atoms
i understand the concept but I can't find the equivalent term in English. Is there one? Or do I need to rephrase this term?
Context: Электроны ведут себя аналогично: протоны их притягивают, и они спрыгивают на самые нижние уровни, если это только возможно, то есть если более нижний уровень ещё не заполнен электронами до максимума. Такое поведение материальных систем называют ***стремлением к минимуму энергии***.
Thanks in advance!
Context: Электроны ведут себя аналогично: протоны их притягивают, и они спрыгивают на самые нижние уровни, если это только возможно, то есть если более нижний уровень ещё не заполнен электронами до максимума. Такое поведение материальных систем называют ***стремлением к минимуму энергии***.
Thanks in advance!
Proposed translations
(English)
Proposed translations
1 hr
Selected
principle of minimum [total] potential energy
It is important to say "potential energy", not just "energy", otherwise things can get physically confusing.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thank you, I have chosen your answer (together with input from Marlin31)."
+2
29 mins
Tending towards minimum energy
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1 hr
+1
4 hrs
seeking the minimum energy configuration/the state of minimum energy
Typically, but not always, the process seeks to find the geometry of a particular arrangement of the atoms that represents a local or global energy minimum.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_minimization
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_minimization
12 hrs
Discussion
The minimum total potential energy principle is a fundamental concept used in physics and engineering. It dictates that at low temperatures a structure or body shall deform or displace to a position that (locally) minimizes the total potential energy, with the lost potential energy being converted into kinetic energy (specifically heat).
A free proton and free electron will tend to combine to form the lowest energy state (the ground state) of a hydrogen atom, the most stable configuration. This is because that state's energy is 13.6 electron volts (eV) lower than when the two particles separated by an infinite distance. The dissipation in this system takes the form of spontaneous emission of electromagnetic radiation, which increases the entropy of the surroundings.
A rolling ball will end up stationary at the bottom of a hill, the point of minimum potential energy. The reason is that as it rolls downward under the influence of gravity, friction produced by its motion transfers energy in the form of heat of the surroundings with an attendant increase in entropy.
Absent friction, the ball on a hill will not settle at the bottom of the hill but will oscillate up and down, just like a pendulum.
An electron in any orbit around the proton has both the kinetic and potential energy.
https://vk.com/@gene_pot-002-01
Если положить мяч на склон холма, то он будет притягиваться к Земле, и это притяжение заставит его скатиться вниз настолько низко, насколько это возможно - на площадку перед холмом. Электроны ведут себя аналогично: протоны их притягивают, и они спрыгивают на самые нижние уровни
The authors speak about a potential energy.
Примеры можно посмотреть тут:
https://www.google.com/search?q=" attain minimum potential ...