Microsoft terminology portal which has been developed in collaboration with National Language Authority,Islamabad gives this translation for debug: ٹھیک کریں

and explains this process as:
To detect, locate, and correct logical or syntactical errors in a program or malfunctions in hardware. In hardware contexts, the term troubleshoot is the term more often used, especially when the problem is a major one.

So I think it is best to use this translation and rest of the phrase is pretty simple.